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10 Kochi University Review No. 102Table 5 Vertical Integration and Transnationalization Name ofCompanies Corporate OverviewDomestic Operation (Malaysia) Plantation andMilling Refinery Oleochemical FEL....

10 Kochi University Review No. 102Table 5 Vertical Integration and Transnationalization Name ofCompanies Corporate OverviewDomestic Operation (Malaysia) Plantation andMilling Refinery Oleochemical FELDAFELDA was founded in 1956.A government agency of landdevelopment and settlement forthe purpose of rural landlesspoor. Currently FELDA ceasedsettlement for the poor and onlymanages own plantations. OnOctober 3, 2003, FELDA establishedFelda Holdings Bhd., apublic company with authorizedcapital of 5 billion ringgit. FELDA'sproduction accounted for 6.9% ofglobal production and 17.7% ofMalaysia's output In 2009.Plantation722,946ha;Mills 70 (2008).4 refineries,including ajoint venturewith Mistui Co(Japan) andIFFCO (UAE).11 bulkinginstallations.Joint venturewith P&GSime DarbySime Darby was established in2007 with the merger of GoldenHope, Kumpulan Guthrie, andSime Darby. Largest public listedcompany, and world's largestagriculture-based and plantationTNC ranked by foreign assets.Plantation326,750 ha;Mills 41.4 refinerycompaniesJV withCognis,Germancompany.IOICorporationIOI was founded in 1969, andreal estate company from 1982.Chinese capital. From 1985IOI started oil palm plantationactivities by taking over plantationcompany. 44th largest agriculturebasedand plantation TNC in theworld by foreign assets.Plantation169,000 ha;Mills 12.Acquisition ofUnilever'splantationsin 2003.Acquisitionof Palmco in2001. Buyoutof Unilever'srefinery plant.Merger of PanCentury(IndianCompany).Acquisitionof Palmco in2001, andPan Century.KL KepongKL Kepong was founded in 1906.Chinese capital. 7th largestagriculture-based and plantationTNC in the world ranked byforeign assets.Plantationslandbank110,000ha;Mills 7.2 refineryplantsKL Oleois one ofthe largestoleochemicalmanufacturer.WilmarInternationalWilmar is a Singaporean capital,established in 1991 as palm oiltrading company. 21st largestagriculture-based plantation TNCin the world by foreign assets.ADM, US based agribusiness,made a capital participant.Acquisition ofKuok Group'sPPB in 2007with 60,000haplantations and7 mills mainlyin Sabah andSarawak.6 refineryplants －Note: Described only palm oil-related business.Source: Agriquest, Malaysia Agricultural Directory & Index 2006; MPOB, Directory of the Malaysian Oil Palm